01

In this article

  • Nodules are often paired; a polyp is often one-sided
  • Hoarseness and vocal fatigue are common
  • Diagnosis requires laryngeal examination
02

Assessment and treatment

  • Voice hygiene and hydration
  • Speech/voice therapy
  • Microlaryngeal surgery for selected persistent lesions
QUICK FACTS

At a glance

Definition: Voice overuse, irritation or trauma can produce benign vocal-fold lesions.

Key takeaways

  • Nodules are often paired; a polyp is often one-sided
  • Hoarseness and vocal fatigue are common
  • Diagnosis requires laryngeal examination

Clinical steps

  1. Voice hygiene and hydration
  2. Speech/voice therapy
  3. Microlaryngeal surgery for selected persistent lesions

Red flags: Breathing difficulty, coughing blood, a neck lump or hoarseness over three weeks needs prompt ENT examination.

Quick FAQ: When should I see an ENT specialist?

Breathing difficulty, coughing blood, a neck lump or hoarseness over three weeks needs prompt ENT examination.

EXPERT INSIGHT

How I assess this in clinic

I first clarify duration, severity, whether symptoms are one-sided or bilateral, and their effect on daily life. I then perform a focused ENT examination and compare the findings with nodules are often paired; a polyp is often one-sided.

Endoscopy or audiometry is not required for everyone. I advise endoscopy when the nose, sinus, throat or voice box needs direct assessment, and audiometry/tympanometry when hearing or middle-ear function is in question.

A common misconception is that every ENT problem needs an antibiotic or an operation. Treatment should instead follow the diagnosis, functional impact, examination findings and evidence-based indications.

Do not wait when: Breathing difficulty, coughing blood, a neck lump or hoarseness over three weeks needs prompt ENT examination.

ReferencesHoarsenessNIH/NIDCDClinical Practice Guideline: HoarsenessAAO-HNS

For patient education; not a substitute for individual diagnosis or treatment.